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Easy Creating a Multi Boot USB Flash Drive

jonboy60 — Tue, 14 May 2013 04:56:26 +0000

Multi-boot or Multi-booting is the act of installing multiple operating systems on a computer, and being able to choose which one to boot when starting the computer. When you want to have a single USB stick with multiple operating systems, the end result must be a reliable USB drive that contains the operating systems you need.

I have found that it is fairly easy to make a multi boot flash drive using UNetbootin. All you need to do is, moving files and some simple edits to the syslinux.cfg file is all that is needed.

Requirements
1# UNetbootin
$ yum install unetbootin
or
$ sudo apt-get install unetbootin

2# ISOs to be installed
You can either download it from distrowatch.com, plenty of distro you may need. The reason is some of unetbootin distro maybe outdated.

Instruction
1# open your unetbootin.

2# Select the distro you want to install

3# Once this is completed, exit unetbootin.

4# Copy all of the files to a safe location outside of the flash drive.(completely everything)

5# Open unetbootin again and install the second distro.

6# Once the installation is complete, copy the contents of your previous flash drive content into the flash drive, but do not overwrite any duplicate files.

7# Repeat step 2-6 if you need more than 2 distro on your flash drive.

7# You’ll then need to open up the syslinux.cfg file on the flash drive.
With this, you will need to add an entry for Puppy into the list, and modify the original entries a bit. Look for where the list begins with “label ubnentry0, ubnentry1…” right below “label unetbootindefault”. You will want to copy the menu information from previous flash drive content over, adding a new ubnentry0 above the original (or ubnentry1), and re-ordering the rest of the menu to maintain the sequential order (ubnentry2, 3, 4, etc.)

Example (i made 3 distro – crunchbang + Bodhi + puppy):

default menu.c32
prompt 0
menu title UNetbootin
timeout 100

label unetbootindefault
menu label Default
kernel /ubnkern
append initrd=/live/initrd.img boot=live config quiet

label ubnentry0
menu label CrunchBang 11 Live Session
kernel /live/vmlinuz
append initrd=/live/initrd.img boot=live config quiet

label ubnentry1
menu label CrunchBang 11 Install
kernel /install/gtk/vmlinuz
append initrd=/install/gtk/initrd.gz video=vesa:ywrap,mtrr vga=788 quiet file=/cdrom/install/crunchbang.cfg

label ubnentry2
menu label CrunchBang 11 Memory Test
kernel /live/memtest
append initrd=/ubninit

label ubnentry3
menu label Bodhi 2.3 live – boot the Live System
kernel /casper/vmlinuz
append initrd=/casper/initrd.gz file=/cdrom/preseed/custom.seed boot=casper quiet splash –

label ubnentry4
menu label Bodhi 2.3 xforcevesa – boot Live in Generic safe graphics mode
kernel /casper/vmlinuz
append initrd=/casper/initrd.gz file=/cdrom/preseed/custom.seed boot=casper xforcevesa quiet splash –

label ubnentry5
menu label Bodhi 2.3 nomodeset – boot Live in ATI safe graphics mode
kernel /casper/vmlinuz
append initrd=/casper/initrd.gz file=/cdrom/preseed/custom.seed boot=casper nomodeset quiet splash –

label ubnentry6
menu label Bodhi 2.3 Boot into RAM
kernel /casper/vmlinuz
append initrd=/casper/initrd.gz file=/cdrom/preseed/custom.seed boot=casper quiet splash toram –

label ubnentry7
menu label puppy
kernel vmlinuz
append initrd=initrd.gz pmedia=cd

After saving the file you should be able to properly boot from either distro from a compatible computer (note that not all computers will boot from USB, though most newer ones will).

Wth a larger USB flash drive, you can carry around numerous operating systems that serve numerous purposes. It is also possible to add more than 3 distros to a flash drive, but this also increases the chances of messing something up in the syslinux.cfg file. Enjoy~

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Pledge to free a computer today! Upgrade from Windows 8

jonboy60 — Thu, 02 May 2013 08:06:46 +0000

Microsoft has shelled out a mind-boggling estimated $1.8* billion to convince the public that it needs Windows 8. Why the record-breaking marketing deluge? Because a slick ad campaign is Microsoft’s best shot at hiding what Windows 8 really is; a faulty product that restricts your freedom, invades your privacy, and controls your data.

Here’s some of the Windows 8 “features” Microsoft won’t tell you about:

Taken from fsf.org by Zak Rogoff
More on http://www.fsf.org/windows8

Howto Proctect Server with Fail2Ban

jonboy60 — Fri, 26 Apr 2013 06:19:03 +0000

Fail2ban is an intrusion prevention framework written in the Python programming language. Fail2Ban is a limited intrusion detection/prevention system. It works by scanning log files and then taking action based on the entries in those logs. Generally Fail2Ban then used to update firewall rules (such as, iptables or TCP Wrapper) to reject the IP addresses for a specified amount of time, although any arbitrary other action (e.g. sending an email, or ejecting CD-ROM tray) could also be configured. Out of the box Fail2Ban comes with filters for various services (apache, curier, ssh, etc).

Installing
Log into the system as root.

CentOS/Red Hat (this method may install an older version of fail2ban):
Install rpmforge or optionally fetch the fail2ban rpm directly from rpmforge.

Install fail2ban using yum:
$ yum install fail2ban

Debian/Ubuntu:
$ apt-get install fail2ban

Source installation:
Change directories to /usr/src:
$ cd /usr/src

Download and extract Fail2Ban (check for newer releases):
$ wget http://sourceforge.net/projects/fail2ban/files/fail2ban-stable/fail2ban-0.8.4/fail2ban-0.8.4.tar.bz2/download
$ tar jxf fail2ban-0.8.4.tar.bz2

Enter the Fail2Ban directory you just extracted:
$ cd fail2ban-0.8.4

Install Fail2Ban:
$ python setup.py install

Install the Fail2Ban init script (for source installations):
(Centos/Red Hat (if you installed via yum/rpm, the init script has already been installed):
$ cp /usr/src/fail2ban-0.8.4/files/redhat-initd /etc/init.d/fail2ban
chmod 755 /etc/init.d/fail2ban

Configuration
Turn on Fail2ban automatically:
Centos/Red Hat:
$ chkconfig fail2ban on

Debian/Ubuntu:
$ update-rc.d fail2ban defaults

Turn on what you need:
Edit /etc/fail2ban/jail.conf and edit those setting
enabled = true (instead of false)

Don’t Ban Yourself:
We don’t want to ban ourselves by accident. Edit the ignoreip option under the [DEFAULT] section to include your IP addresses or network, as well as any other hosts or networks you do not wish to ban. Note that the addresses must be separated by a SPACE character!

[DEFAULT]
ignoreip = 127.0.0.1 192.168.168.171
maxretry = 5
findtime = 600
bantime = 600

It is recommend to set the bantime in the [DEFAULT] section so if affects all attacks, value -1 is forever. It is also recommend to turn on an iptables ban for ssh, httpd/apache, and ftp if they are running on the system.

Extra Filter
After all configuration been set, there are some which might be helpful as well. Its to protect your apache server.

Create a new filter configuration for Apache-noscript:
$ touch /etc/fail2ban/filter.d/apache-noscript.conf
$ vi /etc/fail2ban/filter.d/apache-noscript.conf
Insert:

failregex = [[]client []] (File does not exist|script not found or unable to stat): /S*(.php|.asp|.exe|.pl)
[[]client []] script ‘/S*(.php|.asp|.exe|.pl)S*’ not found or unable to stat *$

Create a new filter configuration for Apache-overflows:
$ touch /etc/fail2ban/filter.d/apache-overflows.conf
$ vi /etc/fail2ban/filter.d/apache-overflows.conf
Insert:

failregex = [[]client []] (Invalid method in request|request failed: URI too long|erroneous characters after protocol string)

Create a new filter configuration for Apache-postflood:
$ touch /etc/fail2ban/filter.d/apache-postflood.conf
$ vi /etc/fail2ban/filter.d/apache-postflood.conf
Insert:

# Fail2Ban configuration file
#
#
# $Revision: 1 $
#

[Definition]
# Option: failregex
# Notes.: Regexp to catch known spambots and software alike. Please verify
# that it is your intent to block IPs which were driven by
# abovementioned bots.
# Values: TEXT
#
failregex = ^ -.*”POST.*

# Option: ignoreregex
# Notes.: regex to ignore. If this regex matches, the line is ignored.
# Values: TEXT
#
ignoreregex =

For jail.conf:
$ vi /etc/fail2ban/jail.conf
Insert

[apache-noscript]
enabled = true
filter = apache-noscript
action = iptables[name=Apache-noscript, port=httpd, protocol=tcp]
mail-whois[name=apache-noscript, dest=root]
logpath = /var/log/httpd/access_log
maxretry = 3

[apache-overflows]
enabled = true
filter = apache-overflows
action = iptables[name=Apache-overflows, port=httpd, protocol=tcp]
mail-whois[name=apache-overflows, dest=root]
logpath = /var/log/httpd/access_log
maxretry = 3

[apache-postflood]

enabled = true
filter = apache-postflood
action = iptables[name=Apache-postflood, port=httpd, protocol=tcp]
mail-whois[name=apache-postflood, dest=root]
logpath = /var/log/httpd/access_log
findtime = 10
maxretry = 10

Reload your filter and jail:
$ fail2ban-client reload
or
$ /etc/init.d/fail2ban restart

Don’t rely only on this layer for the security of your Web Server just consider it a good way to limit the number of bad requests that arrive to your server, and a way to avoid brute force attack could cause a DDOS or something worse.

Including new service logs to Logrotate

jonboy60 — Mon, 22 Apr 2013 09:49:29 +0000

logrotate is designed to ease administration of systems that generate large numbers of log files. It allows automatic rotation, compression, removal, and mailing of log files. Each log file may be handled daily, weekly, monthly, or when it grows too large.

logrotate reads everything about the log files it should be handling from the series of configuration files specified on the command line. Each configuration file can set global options (local definitions over-ride global ones, and later definitions override earlier ones) and specify a logfile to rotate. A simple configuration file looks like this:

# sample logrotate configuration file:

/var/log/messages {
rotate 5
weekly
postrotate
/sbin/killall -HUP syslogd
endscript
}

“/var/log/httpd/access.log” /var/log/httpd/error.log {
rotate 5
mail www@my.org
size=100k
sharedscripts
postrotate
/sbin/killall -HUP httpd
endscript
}

/var/log/news/news.crit {
monthly
rotate 2
olddir /var/log/news/old
missingok
postrotate
kill -HUP ‘cat /var/run/inn.pid‘
endscript
nocompress
}

Let’s say that we have a log file called: /var/log/jonboy60.log sitting in our /var/log directory that needs to be rotated on daily basis.

First we need to create a new logrotate configuration file to accommodate for our new log file:
$ vi /etc/logrotate.d/jonboy60

Insert a following text into /etc/logrotate.d/jonboy60:

/var/log/jonboy60.log {
missingok
notifempty
compress
size 20k
daily
create 0644 root root
}

# missingok – do not output error if logfile is missing
# notifempty – donot rotate log file if it is empty
# compress – Old versions of log files are compressed with gzip(1) by default
# size – Log file is rotated only if it grow bigger than 20k
# daily – ensures daily rotation
# create – creates a new log file wit permissions 600 where owner and group is root user
# postrotate/endscript – The lines between postrotate and endscript are executed after the log file is rotated.
# rotate – Log files are rotated times before being removed or mailed to the address specified in a mail directive. If count is 0, old versions are removed rather then rotated.
# sharedscripts – Normally, prescript and postscript scripts are run for each log which is rotated, meaning that a single script may be run multiple times for log file entries which match multiple files (such as the /var/log/news/* example). If sharedscript is specified, the scripts are only run once, no matter how many logs match the wildcarded pattern. However, if none of the logs in the pattern require rotating, the scripts will not be run at all. This option overrides the nosharedscripts option and implies create option.
# mail – When a log is rotated out-of-existence, it is mailed to address.

Logrotate utility as quite versatile as it provides many more configuration options. To get a complete list, consult logrotate’s manual page:
$ man logrotate

Once your log file is in place force logrotate to rotate all logs with -f option.
$ logrotate -f /etc/logrotate.conf

Facebook Home + Messenger & SMS Ported to all Android Devices without ROOT

jonboy60 — Tue, 16 Apr 2013 09:22:11 +0000

Facebook Home is the mobile experience that puts your friends at the heart of your phone. From the moment you turn it on, you see a steady stream of friends’ posts and photos on your home screen. Upfront notifications and quick access to your essentials mean you’ll never miss a moment. And when you download Facebook Messenger, you can keep chatting with friends when you’re using other apps.

Well some has tried installing Facebook Home in google play store, unfortunately most of them had the error saying device is not supported. Facebook’s ‘exclusive’ product reserved for the HTC One, One X, One X+, Samsung Galaxy S3, S4 and Note 2 (Don’t ask why there’s no love for other devices) debuted in the Play store on 13th of April, 2013 and has garnered a lackluster two-and-a-half stars rating with near 2 thousand votes.

After a bit of modding with the Facebook and Home APKs, XDA Senior Member theos0o has successfully ported Facebook Home to all devices running Android. Both rooted and unrooted phones may take advantage of this port and get a taste of what things are all about, requiring users to simply download and install the 2 APK files provided. A reboot may be required if the app does not run at first. However, all previous versions of Facebook installed must be uninstalled to make way for the modded version of Facebook that’s required, thus root access may be necessary if your device came preloaded with Facebook in order to complete the process and get Facebook Home up and running.

Installation
• Uninstall original facebook, facebook messenger and facebook home apps. If facebook is pre-installed then you probably need root to remove it
• Extract .rar!
• Install com.facebook.katana.apk (FB app), then com.facebook.home.apk (Home app).
• Also install fborca242.apk (Messenger app).
• Enable facebook home under facebook app settings.
• If you face any issues, reboot into recovery and wipe dalvik cache.

Download
# Download Facebook app & Facebook Home – http://d-h.st/qOz
$ Download Facebook Messenger with Chat heads & SMS fix – http://d-h.st/AgU

Would like to try Facebook Home out on your Android device? Check out the original thread for more details and download.

Howto record a CPU/MEMORY usage to a log

jonboy60 — Fri, 12 Apr 2013 04:16:46 +0000

Need to log CPU/Memory usage for a server? Trying to track down a load bottleneck that happens in every morning (peak hour load). Would like to find why everyday one specific time the server hang? Just trying to write some script to caputre memory and cpu usage on linux servers? Unfortunately, using the command “top |grep Mem” and “top |grep Cpu” it just keep going. I want to monitor the CPU usage of a process which running every hour, I know top can show all the stuff on screen but I want to record the usage in a file so that it can be used later, is there any to log this?

As you know the command “top” is to display top CPU processes. Top provides an ongoing look at processor activity in real time. It displays a listing of the most CPU-intensive tasks on the system, and can provide an interactive interface for manipulating processes. It can sort the tasks by CPU usage, memory usage and runtime. can be better configured than the standard top from the procps suite.

Yes it’s possible with top. below is the command:
$top -b -n 1 -p >> /var/log/top
(-b : Batch mode operation. Starts top in ‘Batch mode’, which could be useful for sending output from top to other programs or to a file. In this mode, top will not accept input and runs until the iterations limit you’ve set with the ‘-n’ command-line option or until killed.)
(pid = the pid number)
or
$top -b -n 1 | grep Cpu/Mem >> /var/log/top

You may also write this command onto your crontab as well. Hope this help~

Howto Restore your Deleted Files with TestDisk

jonboy60 — Wed, 13 Mar 2013 09:24:42 +0000

TestDisk is powerful free data recovery software! It was primarily designed to help recover lost partitions and/or make non-booting disks bootable again when these symptoms are caused by faulty software, certain types of viruses or human error (such as accidentally deleting a Partition Table). Partition table recovery using TestDisk is really easy.

This is a great tools for a “never backup” guys out there. Even better if you accidentally removed all your important pictures. Then this tools allow you to find and restore a part or all of your lost data intact.

TestDisk can:
# Fix partition table, recover deleted partition
# Recover FAT32 boot sector from its backup
# Rebuild FAT12/FAT16/FAT32 boot sector
# Fix FAT tables
# Rebuild NTFS boot sector
# Recover NTFS boot sector from its backup
# Fix MFT using MFT mirror
# Locate ext2/ext3/ext4 Backup SuperBlock
# Undelete files from FAT, exFAT, NTFS and ext2 filesystem
# Copy files from deleted FAT, exFAT, NTFS and ext2/ext3/ext4 partitions.

Here is a quick how-to for the very simple to use TestDisk tool! One condition which is TestDisk must be executed with Root access.

Installation:
Fedora/CentOS/Redhat : yum install testdisk
Ubuntu/debian : sudo apt-get intall testdisk

Usage:
Open your terminal with root access then type in “testdisk”.
Below screenshot is the GUI you will see:

Just follow the instructions will do, as simple as abc.
Note : If you still cannot find any a option called Deeper Search will also search for FAT32 backup boot sector, NTFS backup boot superblock, ext2/ext3 backup superblock to detect more partitions.

Malaysia Online Baby Stores Selling Baby Clothes

jonboy60 — Wed, 13 Mar 2013 08:47:23 +0000

Vencouture is a Malaysia based online fashion boutique selling fashion clothes and lingeries and now they are selling children or baby clothing for infant and baby. If you want to buy baby clothes or infant clothes online, search no further, they are here to serve you like V.I.P.   Their baby apparels are perfect for special occasions or every day wear!  

As a parents, they know how hectic life can be, especially preparing for a new baby. They have organised their store so that you can easily find almost everything you need for your children and some cool things for yourself too! And for those of you reading this that don’t have a baby you can always find great gifts for those who do!

At VenCouture you’ll always find the latest trends and best products for you and your baby. But most importantly, you can be rest assured that we only source products whose brands hold the highest standards in Quality and Safety.

This is the reason for shopping at vencouture.com~ They deliver it into your doorstep! Pay Today and Send Today! They are professional in doing business, with quality yet cheaper of the blouses and dresses with fast delivery service. Feel free to visit their website and enjoy for your clothes and lingeries hunting from their online store ~ http://www.vencouture.com

iOS 6.x Jailbreak via Ubuntu

jonboy60 — Mon, 18 Feb 2013 03:17:42 +0000

Evad3rs released iOS 6 untethered jailbreak utility for Linux/Mac/Windows. An untethered jailbreak has the property that if the user turns the device off and back on, the device will start up completely, and the kernel will be patched without the help of a computer – in other words, it will be jailbroken after each reboot. Evasi0n jailbreak utility can jailbreak your iDevice with iOS 6 within few minutes without any glitches. evasi0n – iOS 6.0-6.1 Jailbreak.I’d tried it on my free ipad mini, i must say it a very simple done deal just a simple few clicks and taps and done.

Important! Read me!
1# Backup your device using iTunes (or iCloud) before using evasi0n. If something breaks, you’ll always be able to recover your data.
2# Please disable the lock passcode of your iOS device before using evasi0n. It can cause issues.
3# Avoid all iOS and iTunes related tasks until evasi0n is complete. Why not just enjoy a brief break from the computer to stretch your legs?
4# If the process gets stuck somewhere, it’s safe to restart the program, reboot the device (if necessary by holding down Power and Home until it shuts down), and rerun the process.
4# If you get an error on OS X 10.8 saying that evasi0n can’t be opened, control-click (or right-click) the app and on the revealed context menu, choose ‘Open.’ On the ensuing dialogue box, choose ‘Open’ as well.

Note: We are not master in jail-breaking, if you face any problem then please contact Evad3rs team.

Installation
To install Evasi0n in Ubuntu 13.04/12.10/12.04/Linux Mint 14/13 open Terminal (Press Ctrl+Alt+T) and copy the following commands in the Terminal:

$ sudo add-apt-repository ppa:noobslab/evasion
$ sudo apt-get update
$ sudo apt-get install evasion-linux

To install Evasi0n in Ubuntu 11.10 Oneiric/Linux Mint 12 open Terminal (Press Ctrl+Alt+T) and copy the following commands in the Terminal:

$ sudo apt-get install libssl0.9.8 libimobiledevice2 libimobiledevice-utils
$ wget -O evasion-linux.deb http://goo.gl/REr7i
$ sudo dpkg -i evasion-linux.deb && rm evasion-linux.deb

You’ll see there will be a few reboots then you are good to go. Downloads some awesome apps from Cydia afterwards such as SBsettings, Ifile, Mobile terminal and more.

Howto Change QMail default IP

jonboy60 — Thu, 31 Jan 2013 05:40:24 +0000

You have a Plesk server which runs under CentOS and you’ve got spammed from your server, but after you remove them you still find your IP is blocked by many of the blacklists, and this is still an issue for your remaining clients. What could you do next? What you need to do it temporarily change the qmail sender IP address, this is very easy to do. However, it’s temporary, a server reboot will gets everything back to normal state.

For example, say your qmail IP address is 192.168.1.1 and you want to change it to 192.168.2.2. Your gateway is 192.168.1.3 and does not change.

Run command type in:
$ /sbin/ip route

You’ll see this:

192.168.1.4/27 dev eth0 proto kernel scope link src 192.168.1.1
1.1.1.4/24 dev eth1 proto kernel scope link src 1.1.1.1
169.254.0.0/16 dev eth1 scope link
default via 192.168.1.3 dev eth0

To change the default qmail IP from 192.168.1.1 to 192.168.2.2:

Run command type in:
$ /sbin/ip route change default via 192.168.1.3 dev eth0 src 192.168.2.2

That’s all folks. All qmail outgoing mails now leave from IP 192.168.2.2 instead of 192.168.1.1

Hope this will help~